Challenges of Hr Free Essays

Difficulties of HR The future accomplishment of any associations depends on the capacity to deal with an assorted collection of ability that can bring imaginative thoughts, points of view and perspectives to their work. The test and issues looked of working environment assorted variety can be transformed into a key authoritative resource if an association can gain by this blend of various abilities. With the blend of gifts of differing social foundations, sexual orientations, ages and ways of life, an association can react to business openings all the more quickly and inventively, particularly in the worldwide field, which must be one of the significant authoritative objectives to be achieved. We will compose a custom exposition test on Difficulties of Hr or then again any comparative point just for you Request Now All the more critically, if the hierarchical condition doesn't bolster assorted variety extensively, one dangers losing ability to contenders. The job of HR has transformed from a basically managerial situation to one that is progressively key. Times surely have change from those occasions when the HR division was known as the â€Å"smile and file† office since in that time the essential capabilities for HR were just a cordial air and a capacity to record. The developing patterns in HR call for HR Professionals to start to lead the pack in making arrangements for the future and turning out to be key colleagues in their associations. The way to HR getting ready for the future starts with one straightforward inquiry that HR Professionals need to pose to themselves: If we are effective in the years to come, what will our clients and rivals are stating about us? With the responses to this inquiry, HR Professionals can figure a reasonable, shared vision and an ability to know east from west for the association. The job of the HR Professional is advancing with the change in serious market condition and the acknowledgment that Human Resource Management must assume a progressively vital job in the achievement of an association. Associations that don't put their accentuation on drawing in and holding gifts may wind up in critical outcomes, as their rivals might be beating them in the key work of their HR. With the expansion in rivalry, locally or all around, associations must turn out to be increasingly versatile, strong, light-footed, and client centered to succeed. What's more, inside this adjustment in condition, the HR Professional needs to develop to turn into a vital accomplice, a representative support or advocate, and a change coach inside the association. So as to succeed, HR must be a business driven capacity with an exhaustive comprehension of the organization’s enormous picture and have the option to impact key choices and strategies. All in all, the focal point of today’s HR Professional is on vital work force maintenance and gifts improvement. HR Professionals will be mentors, instructors, coaches, and progression organizers to help persuade organization’s individuals and their dedication. The HR Professional will likewise advance and battle for values, morals, convictions, and otherworldliness inside their associations, particularly in the administration of work environment decent variety. The job of the HR Professional must resemble the necessities of the evolving association. Fruitful associations are getting progressively versatile, flexible, brisk to change headings, and client focused. Inside this condition, the HR Professional must figure out how to oversee successfully through arranging, sorting out, driving and controlling the human asset and be educated of rising patterns in preparing and representative turn of events. The Twenty-first century perceives the significance of HR Professionals in their commitment to providing the best labor flexibly in a flourishing industry. Associations in the business world depend on Human Resources supervisory crews in managing business capacities, for example, recruiting, preparing, leading meetings, transferring of organization related business patterns and issues and employees’ benefits and such. People who work inside this sort of industry are entrusted to ensuring that the gave workforce are adroit in their separate business jobs and can work ideally under any condition. Organizations are progressively looking for mechanical answers for smooth out the fundamentals of HR organization, oversee capabilities, manage execution and lift learning. Making them work in show stays a tremendous test. The HR work has a chance to convey on the guarantee of turning into a key office inside your association. Of late, innovation has been empowering HR offices to reexamine themselves as a key colleague, giving chances to HR to assume a more noteworthy job in adjusting the workforce to business goals. The final product can be improved hierarchical execution. HR Professionals stay with the they are working with ready to remain on top in spite of existing rivalry against organizations who rival a similar item or administrations a specific organization takes into account. The best HR Professionals include worth and have any kind of effect with their associations. They do this by regarding their areas of expertise as colleagues, foreseeing their requirements and giving HR arrangements without a moment to spare. About the Author Syed Imtiaz Hussain is Head of HR Administration in one of the main worldwide Company. As an individual from top supervisory crew; he builds up a profoundly proficient A-Class HR condition in the association by using his tremendous reasonable and visionary experience of HRM and HRD. He accepts associations that put resources into individuals can confront the worldwide monetary and mechanical difficulties in better manner. His various of articles were Published in driving Newspapers and professional diaries. He is likewise the creator of â€Å"HR Global Challenges†. In the event that you have questions or remarks about this article, you can contact Imtiaz at (www. whrppk. com) imtiaz@whrppk. com Step by step instructions to refer to Challenges of Hr, Essay models

Philosophy - Ethical Subjectivism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Theory - Ethical Subjectivism - Essay Example The need of great importance is to rethink the enthusiastic and normal parts of choice taking concerning the changing life circumstances. As Baby Theresa’s father, I needed to consider both the enthusiastic and discerning parts of dynamic inside a limited ability to focus time. I needed to take care that I was not overwhelmed by my feelings all the while. It is hard for anybody to see her/his infant enduring each moment in their fast approaching excursion to death. Be that as it may, what is incomprehensible is to permit others to end her life for whatever reasons. What I expected to ensure that these passionate limits were not by any means the only factors that impacted my choice. When the specialists disclosed to me what Anencephaly is, the thing that struck me more than anything else was the pointlessness of Baby Theresa’s expanded hours on the substance of the earth, since she had no expectation at all to have a cognizant existence. It was nothing not the same as a mind demise. The main would like to see her ‘live’ genuinely somehow or another was to let her organs gave. That way, in any event a piece of her reality could be useful to this world, and we could be content that she survives the newborn children who got her organs. I emphatically accept that each type of life in this world has some reason to serve to the astronomical example, and I believed I should help the substance of life in infant Theresa ought to be permitted the equivalent, rather than watching it die pointlessly. Indeed, even as we adored Theresa as she seemed to be, we realized that the nearness of life and the sound organs she had will never be of any utilization to her. We would have wanted to see her experience childhood in her own particular manner if there had been the smallest possibility of cognizant living for her. Then again, she was not bound to have a quality life other than a minor endurance for merely days in organic terms. We expected to ensure that whatever is solid in her body is made valuable to the world, which is severely needing what we were happy to give. One needs to confront the truth and

Millers Tale Essay Example

Mill operators Tale Paper We gain from the Millers picture that his mouth as extraordinary as a welcome forneys and he tells synne and noriotries. We know from this that the Miller will be recounting to a rough story and utilizing unrefined language, not a sentiment. We additionally realize that the Miller is lower class and has more sturdiness than minds. This shows he will be recounting to a revolting story of how he sees reality, which is probably going to be about desire and infidelity, as in all fabliaus. In the start of the introduction the Miller has just offended the host by disturbing the social congruity. He has likewise insulted the Reeve, whose activity is a craftsman. Customarily there was a competition among Millers and woodworkers. This makes the story progressively fit to the Miller as he decides to insult the Reeve. The Millers hostile character appears through in this hostile story. We see from the preface that the Miller has a thumb of gold implying that he prepares a portion of the flour that he grindes for the nearby individuals. This shows how deceptive and underhanded the Miller is. This makes him appropriate to tell the story as it is about deceitfulness and absence of trust and devotion. We will compose a custom exposition test on Millers Tale explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom paper test on Millers Tale explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom paper test on Millers Tale explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer The story is about infidelity and the mill operator accepts that all ladies are double-crossing and tells the Reeve that He who hath no spouse, he is no cokewold. In the story we were informed that John was desirous and heeld recruit narwe in confine. This shows John has comparative perspectives to those of the Miller since he can't confide in his better half. The Miller is uneducated and decides to affront Nicolas who is smart and taught. This is the reason at long last Nicolas is rebuffed by being singed in the towte. Absolon is likewise pulled in on the grounds that he is delicate. This mill operator hates delicate men since he himself is extremely manly. Absolon is likewise rebuffed on the grounds that he succumbs to Alisons stunt and he hath kist hir under ye. Albeit every one of these focuses show that the Miller is fit to this story, there are a few pundits that accept that this story was unreasonably learned for the mill operator. The mill operator incorporates an appearance job for himself as the miscreant Robin. In any case, a few pundits contend that he was not smart enough to think about this. He additionally wouldnt have had the option to consider utilizing the word hende unexpectedly when discussing Nicolas. Despite the fact that this story is a fabliau, there are a few shows of a sentiment, for example, the long representations of Alison and Absolon. We additionally observe these shows when Abslon is attempting to prevail upon Alison and he calls her Darling and my best feathered creature. However the Miller would not be sufficiently astute to realize how to bring these shows into the fabliau. In the Millers introduction we are informed that Oure hooste saugh that he was dronke of lager. Since the Miller was in such an inebriated state pundits contend that he wouldnt have had the option to recollect each and every detail of the story and that he would have not been in any state to tell it in rhyming couplets. Over all I believe that this fabliau is appropriate to its teller on the grounds that both the story, and the Millers considerations on life are profane and discourteous. The story is told by the Miller who things that all ladies are deceptive and simple, which is the means by which ladies and connections and depicted in the story.

Data Flow Diagram

mywbut. com Data Flow Diagrams (DFDs) 1 mywbut. com Specific Instructional Objectives At the finish of this exercise the understudy will have the option to: †¢ Identify the exercises did during the organized examination stage. Clarify what a DFD is. Clarify why building DFDs are significant in showing up at a decent programming structure. †¢ Explain what an information word reference is. †¢ Explain the significance of information word reference. †¢ Identify whether a DFD is adjusted. Organized Analysis Structured examination is utilized to do the top-down disintegration of a lot of elevated level capacities delineated in the difficult depiction and to speak to them graphically.During organized investigation, utilitarian decay of the framework is accomplished. That is, each capacity that the framework performs is broke down and progressively decayed into increasingly point by point capacities. Organized investigation procedure depends on the accompanying fundamenta l basic standards: †¢ Top-down decay approach. Separation and overcome rule. Each capacity is deteriorated freely. Graphical portrayal of the investigation results utilizing Data Flow Diagrams (DFDs). Information Flow Diagram (DFD)The DFD (otherwise called an air pocket outline) is a various leveled graphical model of a framework that shows the distinctive handling exercises or capacities that the framework performs and the information trade among these capacities. Each capacity is considered as a preparing station (or procedure) that devours some info information and delivers some yield information. The framework is spoken to regarding the information to the framework, different preparing completed on these information, and the yield information created by the framework. A DFD model uses a set number of crude images [as appeared in fig. 5. 1(a)] to epresent the capacities performed by a framework and the information stream among these capacities. 2 mywbut. com External Entity Process Output Data Flow (a) Data Store number readnumber validatenumber information thing validnumber (b) information thing readnumber validatenumber validnumber number (c) Fig. 5. 1 (a) Symbols utilized for structuring DFDs (b), (c) Synchronous and offbeat information stream Here, two instances of information stream that depict info and approval of information are thought of. In Fig. 5. 1(b), the two procedures are legitimately associated by an information stream. This implies the ‘validate-number’ procedure can begin simply after the ‘readnumber’ procedure had provided information to it.However in Fig 5. 1(c), the two procedures are associated through an information store. Subsequently, the tasks of the two air pockets are free. The first is named ‘synchronous’ and the second one ‘asynchronous’. Significance of DFDs in a decent programming structure The principle motivation behind why the DFD procedure is so well known is presum ably a result of the way that DFD is an exceptionally basic formalism †it is easy to comprehend and utilize. Beginning with a lot of significant level capacities that a framework plays out, a DFD model 3 mywbut. com progressively speaks to different sub-capacities. Actually, any various leveled model is easy to understand.Human mind is to such an extent that it can without much of a stretch see any progressive model of a framework †in light of the fact that in a progressive model, beginning with an exceptionally basic and unique model of a framework, various subtleties of the framework are gradually presented through various pecking orders. The information stream graphing procedure additionally follows an extremely basic arrangement of natural ideas and rules. DFD is an exquisite demonstrating procedure that ends up being valuable not exclusively to speak to the aftereffects of organized examination of a product issue, yet in addition for a few different applications, for example, indicating the progression of archives or things in an organization.Data word reference An information word reference records all information things showing up in the DFD model of a framework. The information things recorded incorporate all information streams and the substance of all information stores showing up on the DFDs in the DFD model of a framework. An information word reference records the reason for all information things and the meaning of every single composite datum things as far as their segment information things. For instance, an information word reference passage may speak to that the information grossPay comprises of the parts regularPay and overtimePay. grossPay = regularPay + overtimePay For the littlest units of information things, the information word reference records their name and their type.Composite information things can be characterized as far as crude information things utilizing the accompanying information definition administrators: +: signi fies piece of two information things, e. g. a+b speaks to information an and b. [,,]: speaks to choice, I. e. any of the information things recorded in the sections can happen. For instance, [a,b] speaks to either a happens or b happens. (): the substance inside the section speak to discretionary information which could conceivably show up. e. g. a+(b) speaks to either a happens or a+b happens. speaks to iterative information definition, e. g. {name}5 speaks to five name information. name}* speaks to at least zero occasions of name information. speaks to proportionality, e. g. a=b+c implies that a speaks to b and c. {}: =:/*/: Anything showing up inside/* and */is considered as a remark. 4 mywbut. com Example 1: Tic-Tac-Toe Computer Game Tic-tac-toe is a PC game in which a human player and the PC make elective proceeds onward a 3? 3 square. A move comprises of checking already plain square. The player who first places three sequential stamps along a straight line on the square (I. e . along a line, segment, or corner to corner) wins the game.As soon as either the human player or the PC wins, a message complimenting the victor ought to be shown. On the off chance that neither one of the players figures out how to get three successive stamps along a straight line, however all the squares on the barricade are filled, at that point the game is drawn. The PC consistently attempts to dominate a match. show Tic-Tac-Toe Software 0 move Human Player (a) displayboard 0. 1 validatemove 0. 2 game move board result checkwinner 0. 4 playmove 0. 3 (b) Fig 5. 2 (a), (b) Level 0 and Level 1 DFD for Tic-Tac-Toe game depicted in Example 1 5 mywbut. comIt might be reviewed that the DFD model of a framework ordinarily comprises of a few DFDs: level 0, level 1, and so forth. Be that as it may, a solitary information word reference should catch all the information showing up in all the DFDs establishing the model. Figure 5. 2 speaks to the level 0 and level 1 DFDs for the tic-tactoe game. The information word reference for the model is given underneath. Information word reference for the DFD model in Example 1 move: show: game: board: result: whole number/*number somewhere in the range of 1 and 9 */game+result board {integer}9 [â€Å"computer won†, â€Å"human won† â€Å"draw†] Importance of information dictionaryA information word reference assumes a significant job in any product improvement process in view of the accompanying reasons: †¢ An information word reference gives a standard phrasing to every single applicable datum for use by the specialists working in an undertaking. A steady jargon for information things is significant, since in enormous undertakings various designers of the task tend to utilize various terms to allude to similar information, which superfluous creates turmoil. The information word reference gives the examiner a way to decide the meaning of various information structures as far as their segment components . Adjusting a DFD The information that stream into or out of an air pocket must match the information stream at the following degree of DFD. This is known as adjusting a DFD. The idea of adjusting a DFD has been represented in fig. 5. 3. In the level 1 of the DFD, information things d1 and d3 stream out of the air pocket 0. 1 and the information thing d2 streams into the air pocket 0. 1. In the following level, bubble 0. 1 is decayed. The decay is adjusted, as d1 and d3 stream out of the level 2 graph and d2 streams in. 6 mywbut. com (a) Level 1 DFD (b) Level 2 DFD Fig. 5. 3: A model demonstrating adjusted decay 7

My Experience Getting Involved in My Departments

My Experience Getting Involved in My Departments Two of my most rewarding jobs at the University of Illinois are my positions as the Social Media Intern for the History Department and as the Student Public Outreach Employee for the Gender and Women Studies (GWS) Department. Having the opportunity to work with both of my academic departments has been rewarding in so many ways, but I have enjoyed being able to be a part ofcontinuing each department’s dedication to their students the most. But, getting both of these positions did take time and work. Oftentimes work opportunities can be very limited due to funding, as both the History and Gender and Women Studies departments want to ensure that they pay students for their work. I decided that I wanted to be involved in my two major departments during my freshman year because I enjoyed the courses I had been taking, and I always found the faculty and staff members within both departments to be extremely welcoming and passionate about their work. Having an impact on the future work and events that my departments created was an aspect of working within my departments that I found very valuable. I wanted to be able to influence departmental decisions based on my perspective as a student. Before I knew it, I had a goal to become involved in both departments before I graduated. But there was just one teeny, tiny problemâ€"there is no handbook that gives you the “10 Guaranteed Steps For Becoming Involved In Your Academic Department!” I had no idea about any sort of protocol to even begin my plan of action to achieve these goals. So with no real guidance, I decided to put myself out there and simply express to both of my advisors that I was interested in getting involved in the department any way possible. This simple step proved to be more beneficial than I could have ever imagined. There were actually no open work opportunities for students within the History Department my freshman year, and at the time I was unaware of any other ways I could get involved. Yet I figured that just because there weren’t any opportunities at the moment didn’t mean that I couldn’t still express my interest. If I hadn’t told my History advisor that I was willing to work with the department in any way possible, I might not have never been on her mind when a student employment position became available. Simply letting my advisor know that I had a serious interest in getting involved in the department not only put me on her radar, but it also allowed me to form a closer relationship. As for the GWS Department, expressing my interest in advance also helped me be on the lookout for a position opening up that I was not aware of until I offered to be one of the students to work at Illini Fest for the department. Regardless of whether an academic department has current jobs available, it never hurts to let faculty and staff members know that you are interested in working with them. By expressing my interest, I was able to form tighter relationships within both my departments. Even if your department doesn’t have work opportunities, you never know what positions are offered that you might have been completely unaware of! Taylor Class of 2021 Hey y’all, I’m a History and Gender and Women Studies double major and a French minor from Chicago! I concentrate in all things Black and Black women studies and love long-distance running.

Logistics and Supply Chain Management - Free Essay Example

Executive Summary In today’s rapidly changing business environment, ever-greater demands are being placed on business on every industry, such as to provide products and services quicker, with greater added value, to the correct location, with no relevant inventory position, etc. However, customers are more sophisticated by wanting more quality, design, innovation, choice, convenience and service, and they want to spend less money, effort, time and risk. Hence, every business has to deal with highly competitive situation in order to survive; Supply Chain Management (SCM) becoming the main topic for improving efficiency and satisfy customer’s need. The supply chain of a company consists of different departments, ranging from procurement of materials to customer service. Supply chain management means transforming a company’s â€Å"supply chain† into an optimally efficient, customer-satisfying process, where the effectively of the whole supply chain is more important than the effectiveness of each individual department. Cost involved in the Supply Chain operation and process can be significant influencing the satisfaction of customers and the whole chain efficiency. The following assignment I will be focus on the total cost concept in operating supply chains of my selected firm. Introduction Every business organization needs to delivers products to its customers. Traditionally we would have described these products as either goods or services. Then manufacturers like Sony makes electronic products or Toyota makes cars these kinds of tangible goods, while the Vodafone makes mobile or Internet service provide the intangible services. In reality, this view is rather uncertainly, some products are really a complex package that contains both goods and services. The organization that I have chosen is one of the largest computer manufacture and IT consulting company that contains both goods and services. The IBM Company. IBM is one of the world large computers and IT service provider company, it provide the computer system and almost all industry information technology service and IT related solutions for its customers. Behind their integrated management of the company, its supply chain management have involve much effort on improvement in order to be successful, the management processes start from Procurement, product lifecycle management, supply chain enterprise application, operation, planning, strategy, visibility, complex supply chain optimization, logistics business transformation to IBM asset management solutions. Logistics and Supply Chain Management Total Cost Concept Total Supply Chain Management Cost is considered to be one of the most difficult measurable costs in business management, which is defined as the fixed and operational costs associated with the source, plan, strategy and delivery within the supply chain processes. It is a cost takes into account of procurement, order management, inventory carrying, planning or finance and information technology costs. From the Supply Chain Council’s Operations Reference by Scott Stevens stated, â€Å"It is estimated that reducing the cost of your supply chain by 1 percent can be the equivalent of increasing revenues from 4 to 12 percent. It tells the cost reduce from supply chain can make a significant large profit of company. Supply chain operations provide organizations with the ability to recognize operational improvements across many areas of their value chain. IBM comprehensive supply chain management address every phase of the supply chain, from design to source to plan to build to dist ribute. It has one of the broadest portfolios of alliances with leading and emerging supply chain vendors, such as SAP, Dassault Systems and i2 Technologies. As a single source for supply chain management, IBM Supply Chain Management Services can help you address the full supply chain spectrum and help move companies from a lagging to a leading position in their industry Procurement IBM Procurement focuses on those business pressures that are driving companies to improve the effectiveness of their procurement operations to achieve better advantaged pricing, greater efficiency, tighter control of spending and improved service levels. This service area leverage IBMs strength and experience in procurement to enable IBM’s clients to better manage their enterprise spend. The IBM supply chain management services comprise a full range of procurement offerings, including: 1. ) Procurement strategy and opportunity assessment – Centralize the strategic sourcing and enable association such as spend analysis, process re-design and governance and compliance. Its deliver assignments focused on: -Procurement strategy -Opportunity assessment -Accelerated sourcing -Process reengineering -Strategic sourcing -Supplier relationship management 2. Strategic sourcing – Analysis and prioritization of key commodities for: Aggregation of spend and contract leverage to identify optimal spend strategy Implementation of governance and controls to realize the identified savings 3. ) Application implementation – For e-procurement and return on investment or benefits realization: -Package selection -Software integra tion -Content management -Supplier management It is also an integration partner for Ariba, SAP, Oracle, i2 and Perfect Commerce. 4. ) Managed solutions -Procurement business transformation outsourcing -Packaged services and technology for procurement services 5. IBM Leveraged Procurement Services – This is part of an important category of services that offers the delivery of standardized business processes, applications and infrastructure over the network via an e-business on demand environment. IBM Leveraged Procurement Services is designed to provide an affordable solution with low risk and minimal investment for managing indirect spend. This offering combines the best of Process, Hardware, Software, Integration and hosting services, Advantaged pricing from pre-established supplier relationships and Financing all into a single end package that can be adjusting scale and customize. Product lifecycle management Product Lifecycle Management (PLM) enables collaboration for innovation whether for industrial companies such as aerospace, auto or electronics or for medical devices, consumer products, and food and beverage. Product design collaboration applies to both customers and suppliers. It is also across functional boundaries with a company, such as marketing, sales, product design and after sales services. Every organization can also make cost reduction, accelerate time-to-market, and help improve new product introduction success with IBMs PLM services. PLM combines software, services and consulting to enable the integration of a companys product content across business functions and processes. The PLM solution manages the development and support of complex products and services throughout the entire lifecycle, from product design to product build to post-sale service. Product lifecycle management services that offer transformation services to assist companies in: -Market planning -Product development pipeline management -Product portfolio management -Product change management -Component/platform/asset commonality The techniques used with PLM transformation services include effective engineering and procurement integration, product development process re-engineering, and digital engineering best practices. PLM is an integral part of the depth and breadth of IBM Supply Chain Consulting and Systems Integration Services which helping clients realize significant benefits. It has more than twenty years of PLM experience with a comprehensive offering portfolio of end-to-end solutions including services, hardware and software. IBMs own research and development experience is made available to their clients. With over 3,000 researchers around the world to provide first-of-a-kind solutions delivered to clients. There is considerable added value for their customers on IBM PLM Services by the PLM Software Solution Provider and their customer work together. This includes deep PLM process and industry knowledge from IBM and PLM independent software vendors (ISVs) added to customer knowledge and experience base, accelerated deployment and solutions implementation with best practices adapted to client company and products, and reduced project risk. Supply chain enterprise applications Supply chain enterprise applications assist clients with the integration of enterprise resource planning (ERP) solutions across their supply chain to allow seamless exchange of information. ERP vendors are continuing to expand the breadth of integration through the supply chain. The main purpose of supply chain enterprise applications is to help existing ERP clients who are expanding their existing ERP solution and new clients about to integrate an ERP across their supply chain. And also these services cross all industries and include SAP, Oracle and PeopleSoft as strategic vendors. The full rage of enterprise application offerings included: Package selection – Assist clients in determining which ERP package is best achieve their requirements. Business process improvement, design and implementation – To assist customers in the implementation of their ERP solution. These services included: -Accelerators -Standard tools -Sample deliverables and solution ready for use and accessible These tools also contain templates for process and system re-engineering to accelerate the ERP delivery and expected benefits. In addition to help reduce costs and shrinkage existing systems as much as possible. Training and learning services – Educating customer’s knowledge of their ERP solution through multiple types of training techniques. Version upgrades – Bring customers up to the latest version of their ERP solution. The upgrade may include extending the capabilities of their ERP solution with new modules. Systems Synchronization – Synchronizing the multiple forms of ERP systems across the entire enterprise onto a common version of the software to optimize functionality and minimize errors caused. Supply chain operations Supply chain operations provide organizations with the ability to recognize operational improvements across many areas of their value chain. The focus areas range from customer service, product quality, cycle time, asset utilization, and operational flexibility to finance and promotions management. The full range of operations included: Operations improvement and transformation – Design and implement processes across all elements of a company’s extended supply chain, which including: -Supply/demand integration -Manufacturing -Customer fulfillment -Inventory management -Order management -Sourcing Asset management – Solutions to manage the maintenance and repair operations for an enterprise’s capital assets, including equipment, inventory and human resources associated with maintaining those assets. The aims are: -With greater equipment and facility utilization -Improved production capacity -Lower operating cost Distributed or consolidated order management – connecting customers to all areas of supply chain by focusing on solutions that enable customers to build new cross functional, cross enterprise and multi-channel processes on top of existing investments in transactional systems. The goal is to enable the visibility and efficient management of customer and product information across the new extended network. Demand management – Design and implement processes and solutions intended to enhance revenue and profitability by optimizing: -Sell through -Inventory -Product mix -Product pricing -Promotional management Supply chain event management – it build an adaptive, responsive supply chain. Sense and respond capabilities address end to end supply chain variability issues by tracking supply chain events in real-time with increased visibility. Events can be aligned against key performance indicators, as well as to identify exceptions. It also optimized operational alternatives or corrections that can apply across company’s entire supply chain. Logistics Logistics focuses on assisting clients in the management of goods through the supply chain. With the emergence of improved visibility and fulfillment tools, logistics has emerged as a key area of many companies supply chain operations. The effective implementation of new technologies in warehousing, transportation, and reverse logistics can result in significant cost reduction and customer service improvement. Logistics strategy and network optimization – Utilize analytical and requirements based methodology to develop a customized and responsive solution to address logistics network optimization opportunities Warehouse process improvement and systems implementation – Implement process and technology change to improve warehouse operations. It assisting customer with: -Distribution process envisioning -Software selection and implementation -Warehouse layout and design -Material handling equipment selection -Developing deployment strategies around the utilization of advanced technologies Transportation process improvement and systems implementation – Implement process and technology change to improve transportation operations. These assist customers with: -Transportation process envisioning -Core carrier program development -Software selection and implementation Specially focus on given to optimizing through improved delivery performance while achieving the lowest possible carrier cost. Labor management process improvement and systems implementation – Implement process and technology change to improve warehouse labor productivity. Labor tracking and management allows for: -Real time tracking of employee time -Calculation of estimated task time -Comparison of records actual vs. estimated task time -Reporting on labor performance and efficiency -Monitoring of direct vs. indirect labor -Linking of performance to compensation. Reverse logistics process improvement and systems implementation – Implement process and technology change to improve the management of returns. These included: -Returns process envisioning -Software selection and implementation Especially focus to placed on re-engineering the flow of returned goods based product disposition and value. Logistics business transformation The logistics business transformation provide business model which offer greater scope and deeper integration. The logistics transformation models include: transport, ware housing, customs brokering, third party logistics providers (3PL’s) and freight forwarders, lead logistics providers and supply chain integrators. Each type of model has different attributes with regards to customers’ relationships and pricing arrangements. IBM’s approach to logistics transformation is to deliver improved business results through continuous strategic change and the transformation or operation measured against executive business outcomes. IBM’s logistics business transformation is built on success and innovation of IBM’s own Global logistics operations. IBM’s Global Logistics Network is secure, scalable and reliable. It has delivered track record of on time performance and availability. Because IBM’s logistics infrastructure is scalable and has sufficient supplier capability, so it can easily and quickly extend solution for the customers. These are the service areas in the IBM logistics business transformation framework: Logistics strategy, network design and development -Translate business needs and priorities logistics requirements -Logistics network modeling and business case development -Logistics operations design, organization, process, IT, measurements -Best practice guidance Logistics services procurement -Sourcing strategy development industry knowledge -Supplier evaluation, selection and contract management -Supplier cost and service management Supplier relationship and performance management Logistics Operation Management -Daily logistics network management -Integrated transit visibility, event management, order status, operation metrics -Supply chain total cost and network optimization -Claims processing -Logistics supplier payment and audit -IT integration and management -Logistics operational guidance Logistics global trade management -Global trade included import / export compliance process management -Government and Customs relationship management -Duty and tax accuracy and payment minimization Supply chain security management -Global and country specific shipping procedure management Conclusion In today’s complex global network, IBM’s logistics and supply chain management is running on change oriented, the more understanding the various paths and pitfalls and landscape of change is critical for supply chain management to safely navigate through the opportunities and dangers, so their supply chain leaders around the world understand the need to drive change smartly and effectively is the ingredient of success.

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The Mexican-American and the Church Cesar E. Chavez - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 686 Downloads: 3 Date added: 2019/08/02 Category People Essay Level High school Topics: Cesar Chavez Essay Did you like this example? The Mexican-American and the Church Cesar E. Chavez, was an first generation Mexican-American labor leader and civil rights activist in the 1960s. Growing up, his family, much like many other Mexican-American families, were victim to constant discrimination. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The Mexican-American and the Church Cesar E. Chavez" essay for you Create order When he was a young boy, his family was forced off their family farm in Arizona and to become migrant workers, constantly fighting homelessness and hunger. This lead Chavez to labor and fight to ensure no other families had to go through the same experience. He would go on to co-found the National Farm Workers Association with Dolores Huerta in 1962. At this time in American history, much like African-Americans, Mexican-Americans were not able to pursue the American Dream and were treated like third class citizens. Economic and racial discrimination was just a part of everyday life. Mexican-Americans and Filipino farm workers were being paid less than Braceros, contracted Mexican workers. The wages were $1.25 for Filipino workers and $1.10 for Mexican workers while the braceros were being paid $1.40 wages. The low wages forced poverty onto them. This lead to the initiation of the Delano Grape Strike in September 8th 1965, in which the Filipino and Mexican-American farm workers protes ted higher wages. In the midst of all this chaos, any turned to the church for guidance, many churches would encourage them to persevere and to continue to work under terrible conditions, many were not allowed lunch breaks, usable bathrooms or drinkable water. The way that Chavez approaches the audience is interesting. The audience is Mexican-Americans who live in poverty, poor farm workers and the Catholic church itself. He addresses the topic of the relationship between Mexican-American farm workers and both the protestant and catholic church throughout the speech while still speaking to all different audience groups. The purpose of the portion of speech directed at the catholic was to confront and request that the catholic church take part in the peaceful protests instead of shaming their cause by comparing them to the protestant church and to make farm workers aware that it is happening. Cesar also spoke about the influential power of the Catholic church and how it could help the cause, and that its wealth was not being distributed to the poor He reminded them that they are merely servants of God. Chavez directly references the fact that the Protestant California Migrant Ministry are out in the fields helping the migrant workers. And while he states their catholic suspicion of them, he says the y had developed a very clear conception of the church. It was called to serve, to be at the mercy of the poor, and not to try to use them. By saying this, he is directly attacking his own congregation. He states that they have a right to appeal to the church and help others, since it was their duty as followers of Christ, to do so and to use the churches power to their benefit, this demonstrates ethos. Then he appeals to pathos through implementing the emotion of fault into his audience, mainly towards the Catholic Church, by stating that the church is the servant of the poor and it is their fault if the wealth that the church has is not being channeled to the needy. Finally he uses logos through his statement of the church being the only presence and form of God, which is what they are being denied of throughout his efforts of creating a better system for the poor and making sure his supporters are well taken care of. Cesar Chavez uses mostly personal anecdotes throughout his speech, highlighting the work that hes mostly accomplished, such as forming community organizations and labor unions among farmers. In his anecdotes, he only mentions help coming from outside communities and always having to plead to churches within his community to recognize his social group and their mission, only to get rejected or even ignored by them. This helps him show how uninvolved his own religious community is towards his own actions, which is primarily to help out the poor, even though the churchs main supposed goal is to be the servants of the poor and needy.

Business Law And Ethics Backoffice Business Brief

Running head: BACKOFFICE BUSINESS BRIEF 1 Business Law and Ethics BackOffice Business Brief Patten University BACKOFFICE BUSINESS BRIEF 2 Constitutional Rights and Guarantees BackOffice is a new startup business that will provide potential clients with an application (app) that woul d automate certain business functions. BackOffice will be selling the app to certain business clients that will use it to facilitate their customers’ transactions. It is important that the owner of this company seek the help of a lawyer in ord er to get the proper legal advic e on how to start the business. BackOffice is planning on acquiring clients in order to be come profitable . Two areas can affect the pot ential clients, their clientele , the†¦show more content†¦The Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB) is planning to propose regulations that could control and re strict the kind of transactions that BackOffice will automate. As a result, this could slow down the sales of the app since new restrictions might be imposed on some of its functions. The CFPB recently took action agains t a similar company called Dwolla, w hich acts as an online payment platform . The action was taken because Dwolla misled its customers about their online payment system data security practices . The company had falsely stated that their security standards exceeded those of the in dustry and als o failed to encrypt sensitive consumer BACKOFFICE BUSINESS BRIEF 6 that the application could have unforeseen bugs . In that case BackOffice will rectify the situation. Ethical Consideration II It is critical for BackOffice to be extremely clear with its business investors when it comes to their expectation in regards to the commercial performance of the application . Investors should be able to know what kind of return they are to expect on their investment . Additionally, it is unethical to fabricate any key information or hide factual data in order to receive the good faith and funds of likely investors. As a CEO , you must be very clear when explaining how you expect the business to perform financially in b oth the short and long term . For example, the time line of when the business is expected to break even or

Clash of the Titans a Movie Review Free Essays

Clash of the Titans â€Å"One day, somebody’s gonna have to make a stand. One day, somebody’s gonna have to say enough. † Louis Leterrier made a stand in directing the 2010 action-adventure, fantasy film entitled â€Å"Clash of the Titans†, a remake of 1981’s campy classic. We will write a custom essay sample on Clash of the Titans: a Movie Review or any similar topic only for you Order Now This is a set in Argos, a Greek city, where a war is about to explode among men and gods, starring Sam Worthington who plays the role of Perseus, a demigod and the mortal son of Zeus whose task is to defeat the Kraken. The movie started with a narration that introduces the three Olympians who battled the Titans long ago: the brothers Zeus (Liam Neeson), Poseidon (Danny Huston), and Hades (Ralph Fiennes). Hades provided the means of defeating the Titans with his creation, the Kraken. After the Titans’ defeat, Zeus created humans and ruled them while Poseidon ruled the sea, but Hades, having been deceived by Zeus, was forced to rule the Underworld. The day came when a man whose born a god but raised as a man named Perseus witness a group of soldiers from Argos destroying a statue of Zeus as a declaration of war against the gods. His adoptive parents, Spyros (Pete Postlethwaite) and Marmara (Elizabeth McGovern), and sister, Tekla (Sinead Michael) were killed when Hades devastated their fishing boat. Perseus was not able to save his family. The surviving soldiers take Perseus to Argos. When King Kepheus (Vincent Regan) and Queen Cassiopeia (Polly Walker) of Argos, at a feast for the returning soldiers, compare themselves to the Olympian deities and compare the beauty of their daughter, Andromeda (Alexa Davalos), to that of Aphrodite, Hades appears again, killing the remaining soldiers . He kills the queen, and demands that Argos farther pay for its disrespect and pride; in ten days, the Kraken will be released, and if the princess, Andromeda, is not sacrificed, Argos will be destroyed. Hades then seeks out the gods on Mount Olympus and persuades Zeus to agree with his plan to punish humanity for their lack of love. Knowing Perseus unaffected by his attack, Hades realized he is a demigod, and tells him of his true father, Zeus. At first, the Argives see Perseus as an agent of the gods and imprison him, but the king later seeks his help. A woman named Io (Gemma Arterton), who has been watching over Perseus his entire life, advises him that the only way to avenge the death of his family is to agree with the king’s wish and attempt to defeat the Kraken. This was the beginning of Perseus’ great escapade. When Perseus and other soldiers try to kill Medusa (Natalia Vodianova), the Gordon, in the underworld, was a great and terrifying part of the film. The massive set design of this film gave a big impact to me as a viewer. It makes me feel how hard the paths and challenges Perseus overcome. It seemed so true. While watching it, I was trying to imagine myself as one soldier there and I felt so scared and said to myself that if I were there, I will give up easily. No wonder why â€Å"Clash of the Titans† nominated in Character Animation in a Live Action Production in Annie Award and in Best Fantasy Film in Saturn Award in 2011. Just as awesome as the set design were the actors. Sam Worthington played a very crucial role as a strong-willed Perseus. His portrayal of the demigod depends more on his courage and strength than his boyish good looks. Gemma Arterton who played as Io made her as a nominee in Choice Movie: Breakout Female in Teen Choice Award in 2010. â€Å"There’s a god in you. Be sure to bring it. † This film shows we have to accept the gifts God gave to us and use it in a good way. Specials gifts have the purpose why we possessed some of it. It also shows that life was not easy but, God is always there to guide and help us. This film is great, from the actors to designs. Everyone should watch this because it teaches bravery and strength. How to cite Clash of the Titans: a Movie Review, Papers

Abercrombie Fitch an Upscale Sporting Goods Retailer Becomes a Leader in Trendy Apparel Essay Example For Students

Abercrombie Fitch: an Upscale Sporting Goods Retailer Becomes a Leader in Trendy Apparel Essay Abercrombie Fitch: An Upscale Sporting Goods Retailer Becomes a Leader in Trendy Apparel Kevin Feldpausch Strayer University Bus 499 Professor Toiya Evans July 22, 2010 ? 1. Identify and describe the greatest environmental threats that have immediate implications for A F. Abercrombie and Fitch has been a leader in the retail fashion business for many years and have marketed their clothing line to appeal to a younger group of people mostly in high school and college. They were charged with a lawsuit claiming that their workers and models were predominately tall, skinny, good-looking white people. This could be seen as a threat because they were not hiring anyone of another race. I feel like this could hurt theirs sales and ultimately give them the reputation of a being a racist company. 2. Identify and describe the greatest opportunities available in the marketplace for AF to pursue. Abercrombie and Fitch was hit hard during the recession and refused to offer lower prices and discounts like their competitors did. Recently they have introduced a new catalog, still a bit racy as their catalogs were before, but AF feels that the exposure will be good for the company. AF has also improved its clothing assortment to offer more selection and lowered prices and cut costs. This could be the chance that they need to establish themselves as a lower priced retailer to regain some of their customers who may shop elsewhere for a better bargain, such as American Eagle and Aeropostale. 3. Identify and describe AF’s greatest organizational strengths. Abercrombie Fitch’s greatest organizational strength is their clothing line. They are well-known all over the world and appeal to young buyers. They have branded themselves as a leader in the fashion industry and buyers tend to perceive Abercrombie clothing as top of the line in fashion. Abercrombie hires young, good-looking people for their stores and has them wearing their clothes while working. When customers enter the store they see the clothes on the associates and this is a good way to display their newest clothing line. They have a very effective marketing strategy by displaying their clothes on the associates and also with the catalogs that definitely create attention. 4. Identify and describe the company’s greatest weaknesses. The company’ greatest weakness is the high cost of their clothing and their limited customer base. AF’s clothing is higher priced than many of its competing stores. It is perceived as being overpriced. Most of AF’s stores are located in malls and are in close competition with rivals such as American Eagle or Aeropostale, which both offer similar clothing at a lower price. Their customer base is focused on high school and college aged consumers who are thin and good-looking. These are the people they market to and this narrows down the number of consumers for their clothes. 5. Describe how AF’s strengths can be used to deflect environmental threats to further the company’s success in the industry. Abercrombie Fitch has a solid financial and market position in the industry and this could help them push ahead of the competition. Although they have had some negative publicity in the past, with lawsuits of being a racist company, poor choices of slogans on their t-shirts, and sexual ads and catalogs, they seem to overcome this and continue to grow. It seems the bad publicity has not stopped consumers from buying their clothes because they have branded themselves in the industry as being a leader in the latest fashion. 6. Describe how AF’ strengths can be used to take advantage of opportunities to further the company’s success in the industry. .ud94f1e89eb6f1f65fb469f63cf46d4ec , .ud94f1e89eb6f1f65fb469f63cf46d4ec .postImageUrl , .ud94f1e89eb6f1f65fb469f63cf46d4ec .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ud94f1e89eb6f1f65fb469f63cf46d4ec , .ud94f1e89eb6f1f65fb469f63cf46d4ec:hover , .ud94f1e89eb6f1f65fb469f63cf46d4ec:visited , .ud94f1e89eb6f1f65fb469f63cf46d4ec:active { border:0!important; } .ud94f1e89eb6f1f65fb469f63cf46d4ec .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ud94f1e89eb6f1f65fb469f63cf46d4ec { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ud94f1e89eb6f1f65fb469f63cf46d4ec:active , .ud94f1e89eb6f1f65fb469f63cf46d4ec:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ud94f1e89eb6f1f65fb469f63cf46d4ec .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ud94f1e89eb6f1f65fb469f63cf46d4ec .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ud94f1e89eb6f1f65fb469f63cf46d4ec .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ud94f1e89eb6f1f65fb469f63cf46d4ec .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ud94f1e89eb6f1f65fb469f63cf46d4ec:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ud94f1e89eb6f1f65fb469f63cf46d4ec .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ud94f1e89eb6f1f65fb469f63cf46d4ec .ud94f1e89eb6f1f65fb469f63cf46d4ec-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ud94f1e89eb6f1f65fb469f63cf46d4ec:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Hamlet: Contrast Plays A Major Role EssayThe strength of having a good reputation for quality clothing is going to set Abercrombie apart from others in the fashion retail industry. Their marketing strategy in the past has went under heavy criticism for being to sexual, especially since they are trying to appeal to a younger group of people. But this has only made the Abercrombie Fitch label more desirable. The way they market to their consumers seems to work very well and they are continuing to do so. Considering the style and quality of clothing AF offers, their customers are willing to pay the higher price because they feel like they have to wear the brand and have the â€Å"look† of Abercrombie. This is the reason that Abercrombie Fitch will remain the leader in industry and continue to grow. ? References www. zimbio. com/Abercrombie+and+Fitch+Clothing/articles/LLQljU8UVsp/abercrombie +polos+Abercrombie+Clothing+070ces www. cbsnews. com www. usatoday. com www. wikiswot. com/SWOT/7_Apparel/Abercrombie___Fitch. html

Novotel Back Ground Essay Example Essay Example

Novotel Back Ground Essay Example Paper Novotel Back Ground Essay Introduction Novotel Hotel Background Novotel Novotel is one of a number of hotel chains owned by the French hotel group Accor. Novotel hotels are found throughout the world. Novotel has taken comprehensive steps to prove its commitment to the environment. In July 2007 it signed a partnership agreement with EC3 Global, to provide Green Globe certification. Novotel: the brand that respects the environment. Since its creation 40 years ago, the chain has evolved, anticipated its clients’ expectations, and introduced innovations regarding well-being, comfort and sustainable development. Concern for the environment is part of Novotel’s DNA. The brand is pursuing its long-range commitment within the framework of the Accor Group’s Earth Guest program. It is focusing on three areas of endeavor: establishing construction standards, ensuring that staff and employees practice sustainable development on a daily basis, and getting hotels guests to feel concerned and involved. To affirm it s operational commitment, Novotel signed a partnership agreement in July 2007 with Green Globe, the international environmental certification program for responsible travel and tourism. Novotel Bangkok on Siam Square The Novotel Bangkok on Siam Square is a 4 star hotel in the vibrant centre of Bangkok. With 429 well appointed rooms, this is the perfect destination for both business trips and holidays. Market Share Guests can relax by pool, in one of our 5 bars, or be tempted by the delicious choices available in our 3 restaurants, while our conference facilities are perfect for meetings and functions. Close to transport, entertainment and shopping, the hotel is ideally located [pic] What is Your Hotel’s Market Share and Market Penetration? Novotel Back Ground Essay Body Paragraphs First there was Occupancy Percentage (Total Rooms Occupied divided by Total Rooms Available for Rent) and Average Daily Rate (Total Rooms Revenue divided by Total Rooms Occupied) as the hotel’s base measurements of success. Then along came RevPar (Total Rooms Revenue divided by Total Rooms Available for Rent). Now that we have grasped the importance of this measurement, we have Market Share and Market Penetration also as a tool to gauge our hotel’s Marketing success. What is Market Share? Market Share is the number of rooms in our hotel as a percentage of the rooms in our hotel’s competitive market set. Market Set is the total number of rooms we are in direct competition with, within our area’s market and/or segment. Assume:We are a full-service, 200-room Holiday Inn. Our Market Set is other full-service hotels that we are in direct competition with–i. e. , Ramada Inn, Hilton Inn, etc. Not included in the market set would be high-end–Hyatt an d Marriott–or the lower end of the market segment of limited-service, such as Super 8 or Motel 6. A survey of the area reveals the total rooms of our competitive Market Set are 1,000. Our Holiday Inn (200 rooms) divided by Total Market Set (1,000) equals our Market Share of 20%. As upper mid-priced, full-service hotels are added or leave our Market Set, or our room count is adjusted, our Market Share percentage will change. The larger the Market Share percentage, the bigger player we are in the market. What is Market Penetration? Market Penetration is the percentage of demand for rooms actually accruing to our Holiday Inn. It is calculated as the ratio between the Total Rooms Occupied in our hotel against the Total Rooms Occupied collectively attributed to our hotel’s Market Set. Assume: |1. Research of our competitive Market Set of |Step One: |1,000 rooms revealed an average aggregate Market|Total Market Set of rooms = 1,000 | |Occupancy of 70%. |Market Occupancy = 70 % | | |365 days = Total Rooms Occupied | | |of the Market Set 255,500 our Market Share = 20% | | |= our goal of Rooms Occupied we should be achieving | | |51,000 | |2. Our Holiday Inn is experiencing|Step Two: | |occupancy of 65%. |Convert our actual occupancy of 65% into | | |47,450 Rooms Occupied. Divide our actual | | |number of 47,450 Rooms Occupied by our goal of| | |51,000 Room Occupied, thus our Market | | |Penetration is 93%. | Not good. We must strive to be equal to or better than our competitors. Market Penetration must be at least 100%, and to be the leader in the Market Set, well over 100%. What is wrong? Location, fixed – no solution, signage may help. Wrong franchise–possible. Wrong data in determining the primary guest market. Lack of marketing dollars to reach that primary market. Lack of management sales effort. Lack of sales tools. Wrong room mix. Old decor. Wrong amenity mix. Unfortunate reputation. The list can go on. However, when certain key wrong s are corrected and the property achieves an occupancy of 82%, the Market Penetration will be 117. 4%, and possibly the leader of the pack! There are hotel management companies requiring a Market Penetration percentage each week from their otels as a measurement of the hotel’s total marketing success. However, month-end monitoring seems reasonable, and we can even enroll in the Smith Travel Accommodations Report (STAR program), which will calculate and track our hotel’s Market Share and Market Penetration each month. To enroll in the STAR program, contact Smith Travel Research, 615/824-8664 begin_of_the_skype_highlighting615/824-8664end_of_the_skype_highlighting, who will need from you: 1. Our list of competitive hotels in our Market Set (STR will obtain the occupancy of these competitive hotels from their parent chains); and 2. Our Total Rooms Available for Rent and Total Rooms Occupied. Star Travel Research will only report the aggregate occupancy of our Market Set. They never release or divulge information on an individual property or chain. If we wish to calculate Market Penetration for ourselves, the key is obtaining our Market Set competitors’ occupancy. In certain cities, the Convention and Visitors Bureau collects the individual property data and disseminates the occupancy in requested Market Sets (not by individual hotels). In other locations, hotels share their occupancy percentages on a nightly and weekly basis. And in other areas, the hotels are fierce competitors and share nothing. If that is our case, then count our competitors’ cars within our Market Set. We used to count closed windows draperies, but with room energy savings techniques, this is no longer accurate. Fellow AAHOA member Tek Chand of Augusta, Georgia, has car-counting down to a science within his portfolio of hotels. He has either the Night Auditor count the competitors’ cars at 10:30 p. m. or the Evening Desk Clerk at the end of the previous shif t. Then the car count (bus = 20 rooms) along with weather and special events, is recorded in his computer. His accuracy and confidence is well documented in that he will retain retired persons to count cars at hotels in various locations for up to a year prior to the building a new hotel and lenders have inquired to him as to hotel market conditions in specific locations. After we have obtained the occupancy data of our competitive Market Set, then we can complete the calculations. Market Penetration graphically tells us how we measure up to our competition regardless of market conditions. SWOT Analysis |S |W |As Novotel belongs to the Accor company , which is a worldwide |Its main source of customers is fixed, most are businessman,high | |organization and has more than 40 years history ,it has an |price result in low flexibility of customers. | |extremely strong brand with lots of loyalty customers and |Its high cost causes limited quantity which means fixed location | |advertising . |that will affect its market share. | |Developing partnerships with major firms ,provide more convience | It’s managed by ACCOR,so sometimes there are conflicts about its | |to the customers. management which affected by Thai policies. | |The reciuitment systerm has been well developted by Accor , it’s | | |more easier to get human resource. | | |The Novotel is supported by Accor which will provided a good | | |financing environment to help Novotel with the economic crisis. | |O |T | |1. Demand between the national and the inbound tourists can be |1, Highly competition. | |easily managed due to difference in the period of holidays. For |In the last three decades, the number of hotel rooms has nearly | |international tourists the peak season for arrival is between |tripled! Thailand also will have to deal with stronger competition | |November to May. |from its neighbors. |2. Take advantage of emerging markets, especially with business |2. Increased staff costs. | |cla ss and mid-priced markets |It’s no wonder that employees represent the biggest portion of a | |3 In the long-term the hotel industry in Thailand has latent |hotel’s operating expenses. | |potential for growth. This is because Thailand is an ideal |3. Political issue | |destination for tourists country |Political unstable make societal turmoil. | | |4. Financial Crisis | | |The financial crisis of 2007 to the present was triggered by a | | |liquidity shortfall in the United States banking system. t. People | | |willing to stay home | | |rather than go travel. | Why we choose to do perceived value of Novotel hotel resorts. We choose Novotel hotel because is the one of the famous hotel in Thailand and Novotel hotel have many chain of hotel within Accor group. Tourists and business travelers is well know about Novotel hotel. Novotel have 395 hotel resorts in 60 countries with 71,872 rooms and employs over 30,000 employees. Novotel hotel involved in the worldwide environm ental and societal certification program Green Globe. Novotel have specious modular services, accommodation and facilities. For example – Free accommodation and breakfast for two children under the age of 16 sharing a room with their parents or grandparents. 50% reduction on a second room to accommodate children aged between 8 and 16, in more than 250 hotels around the world (depending on availability). Welcome gifts, baby equipment available free of charge, play areas, healthy children’s menus, green spaces, swimming pools. References =http://www.watg.com/ data-wpel-link=external rel=nofollow>http://www. watg. com We will write a custom essay sample on Novotel Back Ground Essay Example specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Novotel Back Ground Essay Example specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Novotel Back Ground Essay Example specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer

Essay Topics - How to Write Non Fiction Essays

Essay Topics - How to Write Non Fiction EssaysIf you are looking for a quick way to earn extra money writing, one of the easiest ways is to find non-fiction essay topics that you have a passion for. It can also be a great way to promote your other writing skills that you may have picked up from other sources.Non fiction essay topics can come from anywhere and anyplace. When searching for essays, you should begin by looking in places that interest you. This could be books, magazines, or even sites.Any writing can be categorized as non fiction if you look hard enough. The point of non-fiction writing is to present information in an interesting way that is also educational.Before submitting your essay, make sure that you write a research report on the essay topic. The reason for this is that this will give you information on the topic and also help you come up with ideas for topics that you may not be familiar with.Another thing that you should remember when choosing a nonfiction essay topic is that there is no such thing as a boring topic. You should therefore choose a topic that you can get involved with.Writing about any topic that you are passionate about can be exciting, fun, and rewarding. You may think that you would love a topic that is boring, but it may actually be very interesting.Your entire goal is to learn something new and keep all of your knowledge up to date. It is a good idea to learn about the subject that you are researching for, and you can do this by reading as many articles as possible about the topic and by talking to people who are interested in the subject.For more ideas for non-fiction essay topics, check out websites that are devoted to this type of writing. These sites will give you ideas for topics that you can write about and will give you the tools that you need to write an informative essay that will be published for the world to see.

Free Essays on The Effect Of Womenin The Workplace During WWII

Women? In the workplace? WHAT â€Å"World War II changed the face and the soul of the world forever. The boundaries of countries, the shapes of cities, and the minds and views of people were permanently altered† (Wise, 5). People’s outlooks would never be the same. In December 1941, the Japanese attacked on Pearl Harbor. Within a year, hundreds of thousands of American men from eighteen to thirty-nine years old were fighting in the Army, Navy, Marine Corps, and Coast Guard. The men left their wives, children and jobs. With no one working, how would the economy hold up, and how would the production of needed supplies be produced? Wives, mothers, sisters, and girlfriends left their families, education, or other jobs to learn the skills required to continue the work that was deserted by the men, and some more. For women that had a profession, the war offered them a chance to break into careers or management positions that or else would have been off limits for women. For those that did not, jobs in the air, on the sea, as nurses and doctors, and war correspondents were offered. For the entire time of the war, the U.S. government flattered American women to work in the war, whether it was at home or in the factories or flying a plane or anything else that contributed to the success of the war. â€Å"Rosie the Riveter†, quickly became the catchy phrase that represented all women workers. It was a song that was made, not based on a real person but it was selected because of its sound in accordance with what was going on in the world. Along with the song came a poster (See We Can Do It!) of an attractive woman in overalls. The song began with these lyrics: While other girls attend a favorite cocktail bar, Sipping dry martinis, munching caviar; There’s a girl who’s really putting them to shame- Rosie is her name. All the day long, whether rain or shine, She’s part of the assembly line, She’s making... Free Essays on The Effect Of Womenin The Workplace During WWII Free Essays on The Effect Of Womenin The Workplace During WWII Women? In the workplace? WHAT â€Å"World War II changed the face and the soul of the world forever. The boundaries of countries, the shapes of cities, and the minds and views of people were permanently altered† (Wise, 5). People’s outlooks would never be the same. In December 1941, the Japanese attacked on Pearl Harbor. Within a year, hundreds of thousands of American men from eighteen to thirty-nine years old were fighting in the Army, Navy, Marine Corps, and Coast Guard. The men left their wives, children and jobs. With no one working, how would the economy hold up, and how would the production of needed supplies be produced? Wives, mothers, sisters, and girlfriends left their families, education, or other jobs to learn the skills required to continue the work that was deserted by the men, and some more. For women that had a profession, the war offered them a chance to break into careers or management positions that or else would have been off limits for women. For those that did not, jobs in the air, on the sea, as nurses and doctors, and war correspondents were offered. For the entire time of the war, the U.S. government flattered American women to work in the war, whether it was at home or in the factories or flying a plane or anything else that contributed to the success of the war. â€Å"Rosie the Riveter†, quickly became the catchy phrase that represented all women workers. It was a song that was made, not based on a real person but it was selected because of its sound in accordance with what was going on in the world. Along with the song came a poster (See We Can Do It!) of an attractive woman in overalls. The song began with these lyrics: While other girls attend a favorite cocktail bar, Sipping dry martinis, munching caviar; There’s a girl who’s really putting them to shame- Rosie is her name. All the day long, whether rain or shine, She’s part of the assembly line, She’s making...

Using a Mind Map for Reading Comprehension

Using a Mind Map for Reading Comprehension The use of Mind Maps in class is useful when working on all sorts of skills. For example,  students can use a Mind Map to quickly jot down the gist of an article they have read. Another great exercise is using Mind Maps to learn  vocabulary. Mind Maps provide a visual learning mechanism that will help students recognize relationships they may miss in a more linear type of activity. The act of mapping something out encourages the individual to create an internal retelling of the story. This type of approach will help students with essay writing skills, as well as better overall reading comprehension due to the 30,000 foot overview they will get.   For this example lesson, weve provided a number of variations on the use of Mind Maps for exercises. The lesson itself could easily be extended into homework activities and over multiple classes depending on how much of the artistic element you encourage students to provide.  For this lesson, we created a simple map as an example for an upper-level reading course using the novel Dont You Dare Read This, Mrs. Dunphrey by  Margaret Peterson Haddix.   Mind Map Lesson Plan Aim:  Reading review and comprehension of extensive reading materials Activity:  Creating a Mind Map asking students to create an overview of a story Level:  Intermediate to advanced Outline: Introduce the concept of a Mind Map by showing students Mind Maps posted online. Just go to Google and search on Mind Map youll find plenty of examples.Ask students what type of things would lend themselves to Mind Mapping. Hopefully, students will come up with all sorts of creative uses. If not, we suggest pointing to simple examples such as vocabulary about the home or job responsibilities.  As a class, create a Mind Map of the story you are currently working on.Start with the main character. Ask students to identify the main areas of that characters life. In this case the class chose  family, friends, work  and  school.Ask students about the particulars of each category. Who are the people? What events happen? Where does the story take place?  Once youve provided the basic outline, ask students to either draw the map on a piece of paper, or use Mind Mapping software (we recommend Free Mind, an open source program).Ask students to fill in the Mind Map noting the relations hips, main events, difficulties, etc., for each of the categories.   How deep you ask students to go into the story depends on what is being reviewed. For analysis, its probably best to keep things relatively simple. However, if you use this to review a chapter, individual character might run much deeper.At this point in the exercise, you can ask students to review the reading in a variety of ways. Here are some suggestions:Use the map to discuss the relationships between the characters, places, etc., to partners. Each student can choose one arm of the map to discuss at length.Use the map as a written activity by asking students to write an accompanying explanatory text to the map.Ask students to really dig into the details by mapping out  one or two arms of the map.Be artistic and provide sketches for their mind map.Speculate on the backgrounds of the relationships represented using modal verbs of probability.Focus in on grammar functions such as tenses by posing questions about the relationships in a variety of tenses.  Have students compare and contrast the maps they create.

How can the University help to achieve the dream Personal Statement

How can the University help to achieve the dream - Personal Statement Example The researcher will begin with the statement that he is extremely interested in becoming a part of the Syracuse University alumni. Syracuse University has a rich history of over 140 years of existence. The researcher wants to become a part of this school since he knows an education from Syracuse University will change his life. The major the author wants to pursue is bachelor’s degree in international affairs and relations. This paper illustrates that a good education will ensure that the researcher is able to succeed in life by having a career that can help him support himself and his family. The researcher tells that hs analytic and communication ability will be greatly enhanced by completing a bachelor’s degree at the University of Syracuse. The author will attempt to be involved in student organizations in order to develop his leadership skills. One of the researcher’s long-term goals is to contribute to making changes in our society. The author states that h e would like to work for a recognized international organization such as the United Nations. As a diplomat, he can directly contribute towards making changes that can affect the lives of millions of people. The present research has identified that currently, our world suffers from great economic inequality. Â  The author of this essay tells that an education at the University of Syracuse will open his mind to need possibilities.

How Can We Fix K-12 Education Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

How Can We Fix K-12 Education - Essay Example Darwinian evolution advocates for evolution of current creatures from simple organisms million of years ago. Scholars argue that, teaching of creationism discourages students from applying scientific knowledge learned in class. Furthermore, the students are unable to conduct experiments, come up with logical results and make conclusions on experiments (National Academy Press 17). Another challenge is the inability to embrace new technology. This denies the system the ability to use new ideas effectively. This problem is caused by failure to recruit and retain qualified teachers (National Academy Press 21). Another challenge is legitimizing K-12 education. Regardless of the effort by environmentalists on the importance of K-12 education as means of conserving the environment, the government has not legitimized K-12 education or made it part of the curricula within public schools. The government has failed to adhere to warnings that make learning convenient and effective. Lastly, the system does not get any funding from the government leading to seclusion of public schools from K-12 education. It is regrettable that only children from affluent families can learn using K-12 education system (National Academy Press 57). Despite all the challenges experienced by K-12 education system, scholars argue that there are some positive efforts. Consequently, K-12 education should be accessible to students. The concerned stakeholders should train and recruit qualified teachers. Tutoring program found at Haas Center for Public Service, Stanford Teacher Education Program and the Teach for America program should be used for training any members that would like to learn more about K-12 education system (National Academy Press 69). K-12 education system should have specific teachers who can be able to guide students on-line as they learn. Teachers who are responsible for K-12 education

Ubuntu And Its Influence On Leadership Commerce Essay

Ubuntu And Its Influence On Leadership Commerce Essay This research will focuses on how Ubuntu can influence and be applied to leadership strategy management and implementation in the hospitality industry of South Africa. It is therefore important in this research to understand the differences between leadership and management in order to have a clear understanding on the influence of Ubuntu in the Hospitality industry of South Africa. Adair (2006) explains that leadership is of the spirit compounded of personality and vision and he illustrates that management as a trend of the mind more of an accurate methods, calculation and routine. This is to say that leadership is the understanding and sharing of a common purpose without which there can be no effective leadership. Adair believes that management is to manage change and leadership is to manage growth. In this research paper it will be established if the Ubuntu style of leadership and management can bring about any strategy in management and nurturing of growth within an organisation in the hospitality industry. 1.1 PURPOSE OF THE STUDY The main purpose of this research study is to realise the influence and determine the impact of Ubuntu in leadership in strategy management and implementation. Because the style of Ubuntu leadership and management involves the leading of an organisation by departing from the hierarchically structured management relations and rather introduces a cooperative and supportive form of leadership in which collective solidarity of the group is employed and respected (Prinsloo 1998). 1.2 CONTEXT OF THE STUDY The principle of knowledge within the fields of management, strategy and leadership theories and practice has been developed and adopted mainly from the Western capitalist principles, with leading thinkers in the field being mainly of European or American dissent. These thoughts have then been exported beyond American or Western boundaries as trade has moved from being multinational, through international to global, and practices such as international outsourcing have become more widespread. While some areas of Asia, mostly India, may be both responsive and adaptive to some of these Western practices, other areas of Asia and Africa as a whole are not so. This paper offers contextual understanding of how the Concept of Ubuntu or Ubuntu leadership can be able to influence on strategy management and implementation in an organization with a case study of the Hospitality industry. The Western world has mostly underpinned and still continues on supplying leadership, implementation and strategic management ideas; this is through the political systems, and economic infrastructures to Africa, since the time of the colonial times to present. Though seemingly with good intentions, these Western theories that are continuously being used in organizations (business) in Africa have not achieved their desired outcomes because many Africans find it difficult to relate to them, having to sacrifice their authenticity in order to fully embrace such Western ideals. Thus the need to find out if Ubuntu kind of leadership and management can serve the purpose of indigenous Africa to fully embrace it. This now places an interest for the need to understand the Ubuntu context as well as the indigenous thought system and, in particular, the perspective of the Ubuntu worker. 1.3 PROBLEM STATEMENT The hierarchical organizational structure in every business structure will always reflect the organized coordination which ensures that the goals and objectives of the said entity are is achieved. The aim of this proposal is to investigate the Ubuntu leadership style used in the Hospitality industry. It is very cardinal to find out if Ubuntu style has a great influence in good leadership, strategy management and implementation. It is also of great importance to discover if this kind of leadership style can achieve both the institutional and the individuals objectives and goals. The other important reason for this investigation is to find out whether or not the leaders and managers in these institutions are motivated to improve their work-place. All these issues will be investigated through answering the following questions: 1.3.1 MAIN PROBLEM The objective of this research paper is to determine the degree to which Ubuntu leadership style can influence the strategy management and implementation in a hospitality industry of South Africa. How does the Ubuntu leadership style impact on the outcome of the strategy management and implementation process in a Hospitality organization? 1.3.2 SUB-PROBLEMS Below are the sub-problems which have been identified to be ideal with the main problem and gain insight into the role that Ubuntu leadership plays in the strategy management and implementation process. Does the research literature reveal the existence of any significant of Ubuntu leadership style to be more beneficial and influential in terms of strategy management and implementation in South African Companies? Does the research literature reveal the existence of a significant relationship between Ubuntu style and strategy management in South African industries? 1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY The aim is to discover how Ubuntu leadership can influence strategy management and implementation in an organisation. Thompson, Strickland and Gamble (2005: 32 34) states that crafting a strategy, no matter how complex a task is substantially easier than successfully implementing one. Strategy formulation is primarily an intellectual and creative act involving analysis and synthesis. Implementation is a hands-on, operations and action orientated activity that calls for leadership and managerial skills. Therefore Ubuntu leadership style often entails a change in corporate direction and therefore frequently requires a focus on effecting strategic change. Implementation is historically a top-management responsibility closing strategic capability gaps and making sure a company maintains strategic focus. Strategy formulation and implementation are linked through learning (de Kluyver and Pearce, 2003: 125-126). Grant (2002: 526) mentions, New organizational structures and strategic priorities point to new models of leadershipà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦.. So the question is can Ubuntu style stand to the task to play the role of top management by communicating effectively and formation of new strategies? It is said that good leadership in todays organizations calls for actively involving everyone in the organization, leaders are still ultimately responsible for establishing direction through vision and strategy (Daft. 2005: 535). Thus the concept of Ubuntu can surely apply. The results of this research will be analysed to place emphasis on the combination of leadership styles required by a transformational and transactional leader during the strategic planning process. 1.5 DELIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY The research might face the difficulty of determining when the categories are saturated or when the theory is sufficiently detailed (Creswell, 1998: 58). The grounded theory has been critical for its failure to acknowledge implicit theories which guide work at an early stage. The limitation of this theory will be taken into consideration throughout the research and data analysis because there has never been any method in social science without being criticised. Every possible out come will be taken to ensure the rigid conformity to the principles. 1.6 DEFINITION OF TERMS 1.6.1 UBUNTU The doctrine of Ubuntu has been used in almost all the parts of Africa. This culture has been of Doctrine has been most used and applied in South Africa. Most Academic commentators have pointed out the philosophical notion classification known as Ubuntu, which symbolises the beliefs, values, and behaviours of a large majority of the South African population. Ubuntu is defined by Mangaliso (2001) as humanenessa pervasive spirit of caring and community, harmony and hospitality, respect and responsivenessthat individuals and groups display for one another. Ubuntu is the foundation for the basic values that manifest themselves in the ways African people think and behave towards each other and everyone else they encounter (Mangaliso, 2001:24). Ubuntu has been viewed to be one of the most critical values in the African culture as a whole, and it is believed that this practice on the basis of management can be harmonious with the peoples of Africa. But the question still needs to answered is can Ubuntu can it compete and be of any advantage universally (Mbigi, 2005; Mangaliso, 2001). 1.6.2 LEADERSHIP Leadership has been well defined by Gray (2004) that it is managing the performance of others in any organised set up (Gray, 2004: 76). Conceivably the commonest constituent of definitions found in the literature concerns exercising influence in one way or another. This is quite clear since it implies that the exercisers of power should be able to have some ideas of their own about what they want to achieve, or what they want other individuals to do. In other words, they have vision, and are proactive in trying to turn that vision into reality by involving other people. 1.6.3 STRATEGIC LEADERSHIP Strategic leadership is defined by Daft (2008) as follows; The ability to anticipate and envision the future, maintain flexibility, think strategically and initiate changes that will create a competitive advantage for the organization in the future (Daft, 2008: 511). The other definition of strategic Leadership is of Dubrin (2004) which provides a clearer picture of the concept of strategic leadership. This definition of Dubrin helps to understand the necessity and effectiveness of carrying out strategic management. He defines it as a Strategic management refers to the process of ensuring a competitive fit between the organization and its environment (Dubrin, 2004: 401). 1.6.4 MANAGEMENT Managing culture is another element of leadership. It is the entrepreneurial leaders role to shape the organizational culture by setting example, the norms, standards and defining the values of the organization. Rossouw, Le Roux and Groenewald (2003: 167) state that managers often find it difficult to think that there could be a relationship between an organizations culture and its strategy. 1.7 ASSUMPTIONS It is assumed that for this study, the respondents of the questionnaires will answer all questions as openly and honesty as possible. The respondents will answer the questionnaires on their own and that, the questionnaires will not be completed in groups or influenced by other people or respondents. The respondents will answer the questionnaire in one sitting. All employees are ready and willing to be a part of the project work. All respondents will have technical and operational experience in their area of work. The results from this study which is focused on a particular sector (Hospitality industry) can be used in other organisation with the same Style of Ubuntu leadership in strategy management and implementation. 2 LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 INTRODUCTION The evolution and progression of indigenous management theories and practices in Africa has been seriously affected and hindered by colonialism. The imposing of colonial administration was introduced by the western countries, and their management theories and practices are considered as the engine and the universal remedy for the continents socio-politico-economic development. The Western education, scholarship and prose generally diminished and denounced the astonishing management competency and practices of early African civilizations; this is evidenced, for example, in the building of the great Egyptian pyramids. It is assumed that these so called foreign management systems generally failed to achieve the desired results as they discountenanced African cultural inertia and social milieu. The paper addresses the development and effective if Ubuntu leadership style in Strategy management and implementation. Ubuntu leadership is an African management philosophy, which is rooted in th e African cultures, value system and beliefs, to provide the practical way for the efficient and effective running of organizations in Africa, with the aim of having a global competitiveness. The Ubuntu leadership style or the new management techniques known by different scholars, puts much of its emphasis on humanness, communalism and African patriotism, and it provides the veritable starting point for the development of indigenous African management philosophy. 2.2 DEFINITION OF UBUNTU A number of African researchers today have embarked on the advocacy for the indigenous African management philosophy that would serve the need of the African continent. In South Africa today, there is an emergency of a philosophical thought system derived from African culture, beliefs, and values and behaviours known as Ubuntu, (Ubuntu is a Bantu word meaning, broadly, sharing and community). Mangaliso (2001) defines Ubuntu as humaneness a pervasive spirit of caring and community, harmony and hospitality, respect and responsiveness that individuals and groups display for one another. Ubuntu is the foundation for the basic values that manifest themselves in the ways African people think and behave towards each other and everyone else they encounter( Mangaliso, 2001: 24). According to Poovan, du Toit and Engelbrecht (2006) Ubuntu philosophy permits administrators, leaders and managers to tap into the familiar African values to build and reinforce their work environment effectively by : Teaming up and organizing resources for survival this maintains productivity and effectiveness which deeply depends on shared values and individual contribution: it encourages focus on communal (and differences) with reliance to minimize threat to survival through conflict; creating of unified situations the spirit of solidarity, that is, mutual regard among members and individual adhesion to the group; create situations defined by group behaviours sit together, focus, on each other, co-ordinate behaviour; it enhances social oneness and participation sets up informal opportunities based on traditional pal abre central village location for gatherings, activities, mediation, decisions, events and rituals. Thus Ubuntu is considered to be an important value of African culture that can form the foundation of African management (Ubuntu leadership) philosophy that is in tune with the peoples of Africa. Though the proponent of Ubuntu leadership have argued that the concept was created as a system of management practice, for competitive advantage and to command a universal appeal beyond the shores of the continent (Mbigi, 2005; Mangaliso, 2001). Mangaliso (2001) suggests that: Incorporating Ubuntu principles in management hold the promise of superior approaches to managing organizations. Organizations infused with humanness, a pervasive spirit of caring and community, harmony and hospitality, respect and responsiveness will enjoy more sustainable competitive advantage (Mangaliso 2001: 32). Therefore, Ubuntu leadership system emphasizes on teamwork, attention to relationships, mutual respect and empathy between leader and followers, and participative decision-making. These are very fundamental principles of management, which hold promise for improving organization activities and functioning in South Africa and Africa at large. 2.3 INFLUNCES OF UBUNTU LEADERSHIP IN MANAGEMENT 2.3.1 UBUNTU LEADERSHIP The distinctive feature about Ubuntu governance is an indigenous democracy with very deep African cultures that had emerged from African traditional institutions and practices. The hallmark of African traditional governance is the focus on collective stewardship (collectivism), freedom of expression, grass-roots participation, consultation, discussion and consensus to accommodate minority needs and views (holism). The emphasis was not just on majority views but also on compromise and accommodation. The focus was on the need to reach an acceptable consensus through discussions to accommodate minority groups and views in order to avoid majority group dictatorship. This was essential because the traditional African political institution was characterized by the cultural diversity of tribes and clans, which did not disappear as a result of majority rule (Mbigi, 1997:22). This autocratic leadership style expects subordinates to be submissive and obedient. Because leadership in modern Africa is authoritarian and politicized (Kiggundu, 1988:226; Jaeger Kanunzo, 1990; 17; Blunt Jones, 1992: 6-23), such autocratic leadership styles, by expecting subordinates to be submissive and obedient, may stifle innovativeness and impede community motivation and Ubuntu. 2.3.2 MANAGEMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION For every industry especially in the Hospitality business, leadership basically deals with the human relations where problem solving, communication and decision making are promoted and cultivated. Leithwood and Mcleah (1987) indicate that highly effective leaders know many forms of decision-making are skilled in their use and are situationally sensitive in their selection of a particular approach to decision-making (Leithwood and Mcleah, 1987:35). They are thus very analytical and rational in the way they perceive and perform their functions. Basson and Smith (1991) allude to the fact that effective leaders can be selected or trained. It is also useful to think of leadership as a generic term which refers to the process characterized by the interrelationships among people as they work together in the formation and achievement of shared goals (Basson and Smith, 1991:148). Hallinger et al. (1989:9) claim that leadership in an industrial worldview influences people by developing a clear mission that provides an instructional focus for people throughout the community. Leadership does not reside exclusively with the chief or president; in fact Weber (1989:217) identifies the need to develop shared leadership in the community (Weber, 1989:217). One of the current shifts in thinking regarding leadership is a shift from an instructional to a transformational leadership. Brandt (1992:3) declared that because of change and democracy instructional leadership is out; transformational leadership is in. Such leadership is leadership for change (Brandt, 1992:3). Another important aspect in hospitality industrys leadership is the shared vision. There is the discipline for translating individual vision into shared vision. People should feel free to express their dreams, but also learn how to listen to each others dream. The fundamental role of leadership in Ubuntu setup is to create connotative meaning through significant but important rituals and ceremonies. Mbigi (1997) highlights that in traditional African communities the ultimate test of leadership maturity in terms of training and development is determined by the ease with which a new leader carries out rituals and ceremonies (Mbigi, 1997:19). It is through well-designed rituals and ceremonies that leaders can effectively manage collective meaning and collective trust. It is not just an intellectual journey. It is a symbolic and emotional as well as a spiritual journey. Therefore effective leadership in Ubuntu requires people to have convivial experiences by digging deep into their emoti onal and spiritual resources. This may be equivalent to the mission and vision in a Hospitality industry and an industrial worldview. The sense of Ubuntu leadership system is to enhance governance, collective solidarity, respect, human dignity and the right to freedom of expression, as well as collective trust and compassion. Ubuntu is central to indigenous governance systems and can be central to modern governance. 2.3.3 CAN UBUNTU LEADERSHIP SYSTEM BE RELIED UPON There are several basic management principles derived from African tribal communities that embody this philosophy, including trust, interdependence and spiritualism (Mbigi Maree, 2005). In the African management system context, the African Ubuntu philosophy represents humanness, a pervasive spirit of caring within the community in which the individuals in the community love one another. This Ubuntu approach plays a pivotal role in determining the success of any African organisation (Mangaliso, 2001:32). Ubuntu transcends the narrow confines of the nuclear family to include the extended kinship network that is omnipresent in many African communities. As a philosophy, Ubuntu is an orientation to life that stands in contrast to rampant individualism, insensitive competitiveness, and unilateral decision-making. The Ubuntu teachings are pervasive at all ages, in families, organisations and communities living in Africa. ****2.4 IMPACTS OF UBUNTU LEADERSHIP 2.4.1 EXPERIENCES OF UBUNTU LEADERSHIP Afrocentricity encompasses African history, traditions, culture, mythology, and the value systems of communities, according to Khoza (in Mangaliso, 2001:278-279), the Chairperson of Eskom, the supplier of electricity in South Africa. Khoza believes that corporations in Africa will be successful if they adopt the Ubuntu management and leadership styles, which are people-centred. It is perhaps telling that Eskom registered an after-tax profit of R5.2 billion over a period of 15 months up to the end of March 2005 after the corporation had adopted the Ubuntu management philosophy (Broodryk, 2005:17). Similarly, Wolmarans (1995:4) reports that South African Airways (SAA) adopted an Ubuntu management system in 1994. Since then, the African Ubuntu philosophy has been a driving force in the company. The secret behind its success has been the publicly stated core values of South African Airways these include corporate performance, customer orientation, employee care, corporate citizenship, integrity, safety, innovation and teamwork, which are all embodied in the Ubuntu management philosophy. Improved results demonstrate that culture and leadership style play pivotal roles towards the achievement of set goals and strategies of an organisation. Emerging African management philosophies see an organisation as a community and can be summed up in one word Ubuntu (Mbigi Maree, 2005:v-vi). An African Ubuntu management system recognises the significance of group solidarity that is prevalent in African cultures, acknowledging that an African leadership style involves group and community supportiveness, sharing and cooperation. Ubuntu-based leadership dictates sharing burdens during hard times, because by doing so, suffering is also shared and diminished. What is distinctive about the Ubuntu philosophy is the premise of a short memory of hate (Mazrui, 2001). Africans teach children to communicate effectively, reconcile, and find ways to cleanse and let go of hatred and give the children skills to do so. The Ubuntu approach to life enables people to express continued compassion and Perseverance within communities and institutions. 2.4.2 LESSONS FROM THE LIVED EXPERIENCES OF UBUNTU LEADERSHIP African organisations can build cooperation and competitive strategies by allowing teamwork based on Ubuntu principles to permeate the organisation (Mbigi Maree, 2005:93). As a people-centred philosophy, Ubuntu stipulates that a persons worth depends on social, cultural and spiritual criteria. It requires a life that depends on a normative engagement with the community, a substantive appreciation of the common good and a constitutive engagement with one another in a rational and ethical community. In this way, in order for a person to be identified as a true African, community and communality are substantive prerequisites. Communalism and collectivism are essential to the spirit of the African Ubuntu philosophy. Equally important in Ubuntu relationships is the aspect of working with others as a team (English, 2002:197; Poovan et al., 2006:17). A spirit of solidarity simultaneously supports cooperation and competitiveness amongst the team by allowing individuals to contribute their best efforts for the betterment of the entire group. In a team setting, the existence of Ubuntu as a shared value system implies that team members are encouraged to strive towards the outlined team values, which consequently enhance their functioning together as a team (Poovan et al., 2006:25; Van den Heuvel et al., 2006:48). The team is brought one step closer to being effective because of the increased level of team members commitment, loyalty and satisfaction, which ultimately has a positive impact on overall performance. Thus, management systems that tend to focus on achievements of individual team members and not the entire group are likely to miss out on all the social and collective framework of an African society. 2.4.3 IS UBUNTU STLYE OF LEADERSHIP HAVE A PLACE IN MODERN BUSINESS OPERATION Issues of corporate governance are becoming more pronounced in modern business practices. Corporate governance, which is intertwined with business ethics, is considered critical in organisational practice, as well as in general corporate productivity (Rossouw, 2005:105). The founding principles of business ethics and corporate governance are in line with the Ubuntu philosophy of regarding all members of an organisation as part of the community. It is this direct involvement of and with community members that brings about greater solidarity, love, caring and sharing within a grouping (organisation). A major governance challenge in current governance issues has been corruption, which reveals the moral depravity and badness of the perpetrators (Broodryk, 2005; Moloketi, 2009; Nyarwath, 2002). Generally, corruption is caused by a lack of commitment to moral beliefs by the perpetrators, which is in turn due to the Weak moral will of an individual towards other people. Corruption can be seen as 2.5 CONCLUSION OF LITERATURE REVIEW 2.5.1 HOW BENEFICIAL IS UBUNTU LEADERSHIP In a Western worldview, the concept leadership accommodated the sense of belonging, as did the Ubuntu worldview. Sergiovanni (1982:231) supports this when he says: leadership promotes the feeling of actual belonging, participating, being co-partners in the entire organization. In all, a leader who has leadership skills sees to the rapid growth of the organization. Leadership skills are situationally specific, of short duration, and focused on specific objectives or outcomes. The Ubuntu philosophy represents an African conception of human beings and their relationship with the community that embodies the ethics defining Africans and their social behaviours (Dia, 1992; Mbigi, 2005:75; Van den Heuvel, Mangaliso Van de Bunt, 2006:48). Africans are social beings that are in constant communion with one another in an environment where a human being is regarded as a human being only through his or her relationships to other human beings (Tutu in Battle, 1997:39-43). Therefore, the survival of a human being is dependent on other people the community and society. 2.5.2 CAN UBUNTU LEADERSHIP AND WESTERN LEADERSHIP WORK TOGETHER? ***** The Ubuntu management system and the new management techniques as advocated by African management scholars, set the revolutionary agenda for evolving an indigenous African management philosophy that will emphasize our cultural traits of humanness, communalism, and participatory decision-making in organizational life. African governments and the private sector must support the development of African management philosophy through creating an enabling environment for management research and the provision of adequate research funds or grants. 3 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 3.1 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY / PARADIGM 3.2 RESEARCH DESIGN In investigating the phenomenon, the interpretative approach, particularly constructive-interpretative paradigm will be used in the study; taking into account its ability to generate an in-depth understanding regarding factors that impacts on Ubuntu leadership (Cohen et al, 2007:155; Creswell, 2003:52; McMillan Schumacher, 2006:318). In the course of investigations, the interpretative approach would allow, the researcher to explore, analyse, describe, and show the relationships between Ubuntu and strategy management and implementation. That will be made possible because the phenomenon of Ubuntu and leadership will be investigated in their unique and natural setting (Lauer, 2006:76). Simply put; all interviews, observational field notes and documents analyses would be done at the participant place. In employing the qualitative research design, a case study will be employed to sample participants, collect data, and analyse data as shown below. 3.3 POPULATION AND SAMPLE 3.3.1 POPULATION The focus for this study will be on employers and employees of Orion group of companies which is a Hospitality Industry. The company has staff numbering around 1000 employees. Orion is sub-divided into many different business branches and each business branch is run as a business on its own. The research study focuses on Orion group; the staff compliment at each branch is comprised of about 100 full time permanent employees. From the total number of employees working at Orion Braamfontein office, all are eligible to participate. Over 15 participants out of the 50 employees will be selected for the purpose of this study and will form the target population for the study. 3.3.2 SAMPLE AND SAMPLING METHOD The researcher will use a purposive sampling to select participants. The identified sample comprised of fifteen participants; seven men and eight women. According to Budhal (2000:62), Creswell (2003:52) and, McMillan and Schumacher (2006:317), a sample represents a small and distinct group of information-rich informants that would enable the researcher to understand the problem in depth. The criteria for selecting such information-rich sample; amongst others, is that participants who are knowledgeable, informative and willing to talk (Lauer, 2006:78; McMillan Schumacher, 2006:319). Regarding the availability of the administration offices, it will assist in maximizing privacy and confidentiality during interview sessions (Keats, 2000:30; Pedroni Pimple, 2001:11). Furthermore, purposive sampling will be done by combining strategies like site selection, network sampling and sampling by case in order to maximize its impact. Lastly, permission would be sought from the Orion Head office. Having discussed how the participants would be selected; in the next section, the proposal explains how data will be collected. 3.4 THE RESEARCH INSTRUMENT The instrument to be used for data collection is a questionnaire. The questionnaire is chosen as it is the most popular form of data collection. It is important for the questionnaire to be constructed in such a way as to gain as much useful information from the respondent as possible (Newell, 1993, 48). With this, great care, time and efforts would be put into the construction of this research studys questionnaire as to obtain as much useful information as possible. Questionnaires are created to be easy to understand, avoid ambiguous, draw up leading questions, quick and simple to answer (Kidder Judd, 1993). In this case, questionnaire will be distributed to participants and collected once they have been completed. These questionnaires will be distributed through email, containing a hyperlink to